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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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080789
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08078900.028
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1990-09-17
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WORLD, Page 30POLANDThanks a Lot, But No ThanksSolidarity rejects an offer to join a coalition government
Why share power? Solidarity leader Lech Walesa could see no
good reason last week as he turned down an invitation from
President Wojciech Jaruzelski to join a grand coalition government
with the Communist Party. After a two-hour closed meeting with
Jaruzelski at the President's residence in Warsaw's Belvedere
Palace, Walesa declared, "I must say I don't envy the President.
He has an awful lot of problems."
Rather than joining the Communists, Walesa said, he told
Jaruzelski that Solidarity should be permitted to form its own
government. The trade-union movement earned that right, the union
leader declared, with its dramatic June 4 election victory, in
which its candidates captured all 161 seats that were open to it
in the 460-seat Sejm, or lower house, and 99 of the 100 seats in
the Senate. Said he: "The only sensible decision would be to give
power to those forces that have the support of the majority of the
electorate."
Jaruzelski offered Walesa seven of 21 Cabinet posts, including
Deputy Prime Minister and the ministries of health, industry,
environment and housing. Again Walesa refused, on the grounds that
only a Solidarity government would have enough support to carry out
the tough austerity measures needed to ease Poland's economic
crisis. A junior role in a coalition government would implicate
Solidarity in that crisis without giving it the means to bring
about significant change. "By remaining in opposition," said
Walesa, "we can make sure that the government doesn't leave the
road to reform."
Jaruzelski did not reject outright the idea of a Solidarity
government, but, according to Walesa, preferred to press ahead with
a plan to form a Communist-led coalition. Jaruzelski "must take on
all the responsibility for the formation of a new government," said
Walesa. "For my part, I intend to form a shadow cabinet to prepare
for the measures that sooner or later will become inevitable." In
fact, Walesa created a 15-member shadow cabinet last December; its
role then was to formulate the trade union's position in
preparation for so-called round-table talks that led to the June
elections.
Jozef Slisz, the leader of Rural Solidarity and deputy speaker
of the Senate, was among other opposition officials who met with
Jaruzelski. He said the President explained he could not allow
Solidarity to form a government, because several of Poland's East
bloc neighbors would "look at this askance." Specifically,
Jaruzelski mentioned East Germany, Czechoslovakia and the Soviet
Union.
Later in the week the President took the extraordinary step of
announcing his resignation as party leader, a position he has held
since 1981, when he took power largely to crack down on Solidarity.
Jaruzelski also withdrew from the Politburo and the Central
Committee, reportedly so that he can concentrate all his energy on
the presidency.
Jaruzelski was replaced by outgoing Prime Minister Mieczyslaw
Rakowski, who was elected by a Central Committee secret ballot, 171
to 41. In his acceptance speech, Rakowski proposed an unspecified
reshuffling of the party's top leadership and declared, "I believe
I will have the support of all party members who drew conclusions
from the failure of the last elections. I would like to change this
unfavorable situation into a favorable one."
Jaruzelski was expected to name Rakowski's replacement as Prime
Minister this week. The government leader's most immediate project
will be the lifting of a month-long wage and price freeze and the
introduction of free-market prices for foodstuffs, measures that
are also expected this week. The price plan, which was drawn up by
Rakowski himself, met with strong opposition from the Communist
Party, and with some reason. Over the past 20 years, food-price
increases have triggered strikes, demonstrations and, in 1980, the
formation of Solidarity.